Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person at least once in his life faced with one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and localization: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single and multiple. Choosing an effective cure for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV drugs
Medicines used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirals.
- Immunostimulants.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: it is sometimes difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, establish the type of virus, since some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Medicines against papilloma can be used in combination or separately.
Antivirals
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a detrimental effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction, and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations are especially popular, which are produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with single formations, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy, electrocoagulation, and after it, they provide high efficiency of treatment and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- HPV infection of high and potentially high oncological risk, confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body cannot cope with the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medicines are available by prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective, and are able to get rid of papillomas?
Inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular cures for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). Has a complex effect:
- blocks the enzymes of the virus, causing its death;
- activates the production of interferon;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
It is prescribed 2 tablets per day for 2 weeks, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. May be used in children over 3 years of age.
During the reception, nausea, headaches, exacerbation of gout may occur.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is the induction of interferon.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulatory;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on glycoside isolated from nightshade stalks
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, gel spray inlayt for the treatment of the oral cavity, gel spray intim for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active substance is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern remedy against the virus with a wide spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulatory,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to use during pregnancy and lactation.
Immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Medicines in this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) is necessary.
By themselves, immunostimulants cannot get rid of the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. But with confirmed immunodeficiency, they must be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
Immunostimulants are prohibited to use:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies by prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compositions for the destruction of papilloma
Medicines of this group have a direct medicinal effect on papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which of them are the most popular among doctors and patients and are able to get rid of skin neoplasms associated with HPV?
Freezing drug
The papilloma is affected by a temperature of - 57 ° C, which leads to a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, axillary area, intimate areas) and on mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. In one session, several formations can be processed. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. Falling off of papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Drops based on methacrysol
Drops for external use with an applicator included. This is a relatively new effective medicine for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully, pointwise. If a drop of the solution gets on a healthy surrounding tissue, it must be immediately removed with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in the skin folds, interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital zone to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The release form is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for treating large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, which leads to the mummification of papilloma.
The agent is applied gently to the affected area until its color changes. After the effect of this medicine on papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears on its own after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
Treatment results
After the use of drugs, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity, and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Only local impact is possible with single formations on the body. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- full diagnostics;
- combined approach to treatment;
- selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of papillomavirus is timely seeking medical help. There are a lot of medicines for papilloma, and a specialist should determine which one is best for a person in each case.